モデル・ギャラリー
Second Harmonic Generation of a Gaussian Beam
Laser systems are an important application area in modern electronics. With nonlinear materials it is possible to generate harmonics that are a multiple of the frequency of the laser light. This model shows how a second harmonic generation can be set up as a transient wave simulation, using nonlinear material properties. A YAG (lambda=1.06 microm.) laser beam is focused on a nonlinear ...
Computing the Radar Cross Section of a Perfectly Conducting Sphere
A classic benchmark problem in computational electromagnetics is to solve for the radar cross section (RCS) of a sphere in free space illuminated by a plane wave. This model solves for the RCS of a metallic sphere that has a very high conductivity, which can be treated as a material with infinite conductivity. Results are compare to the analytic solution, and agreement is shown.
Wilkinson Power Divider
Some conventional three-port power dividers are resistive power dividers and T-junction power dividers. Such dividers are either lossy or not matched to the system reference impedance at all ports. In addition, isolation between two coupled ports is not guaranteed. The Wilkinson power divider outperforms the lossless T-junction divider and the resistive divider and does not have the issues ...
Feasibility Study of Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Design
An antenna array is a group of radiating elements. By controlling the phase and magnitude of the input signal assigned to each antenna element and the number of array elements, the radiation pattern can be steered in a desired direction with a preferred level of gain. In this example, a 4 x 2 array of patch antennas is fed from a single feed point, with all elements fed at equal phase and ...
Finding the Impedance of a Coaxial Cable
The coaxial cable (coax) is one of the most ubiquitous transmission line structures. It is composed of a central circular conductor, surrounded by an annular dielectric, and shielded by an outer conductor. This model computes the electric and magnetic field distribution inside of the coaxial cable, analyzes the impedance, and compares the result with the analytic solution.
Conical Antenna
Conical antennas are useful for many applications due to their broadband characteristics and relative simplicity. In this example, we study the antenna impedance and radiation pattern as functions of frequency for a monoconical antenna with a finite ground plane and a 50 ohm coaxial feed. The rotational symmetry allows us to model in 2D, using one of the axisymmetric electromagnetic wave ...
Dipole Antenna with a Quarterwave Coaxial Balun (1:1)
An antenna balun blocks undesirable currents on the outside of a cable. A quarter-wave coaxial balun (1:1) is one of the easiest designs: it works as a transformer and makes the input impedance from the inner conductor to the outer conductor infinite. This model simulates an antenna prototype including a SMA Receptacle, an ABS enclosure and a quarter-wave coaxial balun. The frequency is tuned to ...
Vivaldi, Tapered Slot Antenna (TSA)
A tapered slot antenna, also known as a Vivaldi antenna, is useful for wide band applications. Here, an exponential function is used for the taper profile. The objective of this model is to compute the far-field pattern and to compute the impedance of the structure. Good matching is observed over a wide frequency band.
Balanced Patch Antenna for 6 GHz
Patch antennas are becoming more common in wireless equipment, like wireless LAN access points, cellular phones, and GPS handheld devices. The antennas are small in size and can be manufactured with simple and cost-effective techniques. Due to the complicated relationship between the geometry of the antenna and the electromagnetic fields, it is difficult to estimate the properties of a certain ...
Finding the Impedance of a Parallel-Wire Transmission Line
A parallel wire transmission line is composed of two conducting wires in a dielectric such as air. The fields around such a transmission line are not directly confined by the conductors, and extend to infinity, although they drop off in rapidly away from the wires. This model demonstrates how to compute the fields and impedance of such an unshielded transmission line, and compares to the analytic ...
