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During an internal short circuit of a battery, the two electrode materials are internally and electronically interconnected, giving rise to high local current densities. Internal short circuits may occur in a lithium-ion battery due to, for instance, lithium dendrite formation or a ... 詳細を見る

Metal hydride tanks offer safe hydrogen storage, thanks to their low reactivity, and a relatively high hydrogen density. When developing metal hydride hydrogen tank designs, modeling and simulation is useful for optimizing operating conditions, such as gas composition, pressure, and ... 詳細を見る

This example models the flow and mass transport in the channels and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The cathode electrode reaction is modeled as a boundary condition, where the local current density depends on the overpotential and the local oxygen ... 詳細を見る

Pitting corrosion is a type of localized corrosion by which local cavities, pits, are formed on an initially smooth metal surface. A pit may be initialized by surface defects, such as an inhomogeneities in composition or shape, or mechanical abuse resulting in a small scratch or dent. ... 詳細を見る

Electrochemical supercapacitors feature relatively higher energy densities than conventional capacitors. With several advantages, such as fast charging, long charge–discharge cycles, and broad operating temperature ranges, electrochemical supercapacitors have found wide applications in ... 詳細を見る

In static mixers, also called motionless or in-line mixers, a fluid is pumped through a pipe containing stationary blades. This mixing technique is particularly well suited for laminar flow mixing because it generates only small pressure losses in this flow regime. This example studies ... 詳細を見る

In fuel cell power generators, a steam reformer unit typically produces the hydrogen needed for the cell stack. This example illustrates the modeling of a steam reformer. The reformation chemistry occurs in a porous catalytic bed where energy is supplied through heating tubes to drive ... 詳細を見る

This tutorial example models the currents and the concentration of dissolved metal ions in a battery (corrosion cell) made from an orange and two metal nails. This type of battery is commonly used in chemistry lessons. Instead of an orange, lemons or potatoes can also be used. 詳細を見る

ナトリウムイオン電池 (SIB) は, リチウムイオン電池 (LIB) の代替として広く提案されています. SIB の化学反応では, 電解質の電荷輸送と電極反応における酸化還元反応に Li+ ではなく Na+ を使用します. Na+ は Li+ よりも豊富で, 製造時の環境負荷が小さいという利点があります. しかし, SIB は一般的に LIB よりもエネルギー密度が低いため, 主に定置用途において LIB の代替候補となります. SIB の化学反応は LIB の化学反応と多くの類似点があり, 電荷輸送, 物質輸送, 電極反応速度論, ... 詳細を見る

This example focuses on the species transport within the gas diffusion layers (GDLs) of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The geometry models a cell with two adjacent flow channels of different pressures, a situation that may occur in a cell with serpentine flow channels, or in ... 詳細を見る