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Large FEM simulations can be costly and, if repeated simulations are needed, it can be beneficial to use reduced-order models (ROMs). ROMs are typically valid only in the vicinity of their design conditions and have lower accuracy, but the simulation time is significantly shorter. The ... 詳細を見る

This example demonstrates how to set up the classical external-flow problem of solving for the high-speed, compressible, turbulent flow over the ONERA-M6 wing. The problem involves finding a steady-state solution of the flow field around the 3D, swept wing geometry, immersed in a ... 詳細を見る

This tutorial analyzes the DC characteristics of an InSb p-Channel FET, using the density-gradient theory to add the effect of quantum confinement to the conventional drift-diffusion formulation, without a large increase of computational resources. The confinement effect is applied both ... 詳細を見る

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines are being considered as an alternative to traditional spark- and compression-ignition engines. As the name implies, a homogeneous fuel/oxidant mixture is auto-ignited by compression with simultaneous combustion occurring throughout ... 詳細を見る

This is a demonstration of how to use the thermodynamics functionality in the COMSOL Multiphysics® software to make flash calculations. A flash calculation is an equilibrium calculation of a system where several species and phases are present at the same time. The system in ... 詳細を見る

In massive forming processes like rolling or extrusion, metal alloys are deformed in a hot solid state with material flowing under ideally plastic conditions. Such processes can be simulated effectively using computational fluid dynamics, where the material is considered as a fluid with ... 詳細を見る

Electroporation is a technique where a localized electric field is used to generate nanometric pores in cell membranes, improving the cell permeability for ions and pharmaceuticals. This model shows the electroporation of a spherical cell by means of a nanosecond electric pulse. The ... 詳細を見る

This model analyzes Joule heating and thermal expansion in a bond wire in an LED. Its purpose is to estimate the temperature increase and the resulting mechanical stresses in the bond wire due to thermal expansion. The magnitude of these stresses can be used to assess the risk of fatigue ... 詳細を見る

The flash method is widely used for measuring the thermal conductivity of a thin sample material that is about the size of a coin. The sample material is submitted to a laser pulse on one of its faces. In turn, the opposite face is heated up by around 1 K. As the pulse is uniform and ... 詳細を見る

This thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) model of artificial ground freezing couples heat transfer, groundwater flow, and soil mechanics to capture ice formation, pore-pressure changes, and ground deformation during tunnel excavation. The freezing process is modeled with the apparent heat ... 詳細を見る