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The catenary is the geometrical shape that corresponds to the curve followed by an idealized chain or cable supported at both ends and hanging under its own weight. The viscous catenary problem describes the motion of a cylinder of highly viscous fluid, supported at its ends as it flows ... 詳細を見る

As reactant monomer converts into polymer chains, the density of the reacting mixture often changes notably. In this example you will look at how this effect impacts the total production of polymer in a process. The liquid phase polymerization takes place in a semibatch reactor, where ... 詳細を見る

Recovery of precious metals in recycling of electronics, or extraction from ore, is usually performed through leaching of the metal into an aqueous phase. Precious metals require the use of an oxidant, and often, a complexant. In the case of gold, the cyanide anion (CN-) forms a soluble ... 詳細を見る

Droplet evaporation is ubiquitous in everyday life, and is essential in many industrial processes such as ink-jet printing, cleaning or coating of surfaces, and phase change heat transfer. In this model, a water droplet placed on a solid substrate evaporates in air. We solve the ... 詳細を見る

The incompressible boundary layer on a flat plate in the absence of a pressure gradient is usually referred to as the Blasius boundary layer. The steady, laminar boundary layer developing downstream of the leading edge eventually becomes unstable to Tollmien-Schlichting waves and finally ... 詳細を見る

This model simulates Gaussian to Laguerre Gaussian beam shaping with the Beam Envelopes interface, the unidirectional wave formulation. The input beam is a focusing Gaussian beam with a topological spiral phase. It is known that this phase mask converts a Gaussian beam to a donut ... 詳細を見る

This model simulates arc welding of a titanium plate made from an alpha-beta titanium alloy. During a weld pass, the material experiences a thermal transient, including both heating and cooling. Phase transformations are modeled, and the evolution of the phase composition over time is ... 詳細を見る

This example describes the cooling and solidification, from melt to solid metal, in a continuous casting process. The model includes nonisothermal properties, temperature distribution, flow field, and phase change. This example uses the arbritrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for modeling ... 詳細を見る

This example is a benchmark problem for simulating phase change in porous media. It studies the melting process of an ice inclusion within porous media and therefore demonstrates how to couple Darcy's Law with the Heat Transfer in Porous Media interface including phase change. 詳細を見る

Circulating fluidized beds are widely used in the food & beverage, pharmaceutical, chemical, and energy industries to achieve efficient contact between solid and fluid reactants. This model visualizes how a circulating fluidized bed operates. In the model, the dispersed phase, which ... 詳細を見る