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The backward facing step is an interesting case for studying the performance and solution strategy of a turbulence model. In this case, the flow is subjected to a sudden increase of cross-sectional area, resulting in a separation of flow starting at the point of expansion. Spatial ... 詳細を見る

Swirl flow is an application that involves steady rotational flow around an axis. Rather than modeling this process in 3D, COMSOL Multiphysics provides a 2D axisymmetric interface where the flow in the rotational direction is still included in the equations. This example shows the ... 詳細を見る

Applying an electric field across a suspension of immiscible liquids may stimulate droplets of the same phase to coalesce. The method known as electrocoalescence has important applications, for instance, in the separation of oil from water. To model electrocoalescence, you need to solve ... 詳細を見る

This tutorial model solves the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a backstep geometry using the Laminar Flow interface. A characteristic feature of fluid flow in geometries of this kind is the recirculation region that forms where the flow exits the narrow inlet region. The model ... 詳細を見る

This tutorial model shows how a plate-fin heat exchanger made of aluminum is used to cool down hot oil with colder air. In order to maximize heat transfer, the heat exchanger is made of a porous aluminum matrix in which the hot oil flows. Heat is conducted through aluminum fins in ... 詳細を見る

In general, there are two classes of ventilation: mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. In displacement ventilation, air enters a room at the floor level and displaces warmer air to achieve the desired temperature. Heating sources in the room can include running electronic ... 詳細を見る

This example simulates an oil droplet rising through a suspension. The suspension is initially stratified, with a dense layer between two clear layers. The droplet is initially located in the bottom clear layer. The particles in the suspension start to sediment toward the bottom of the ... 詳細を見る

Phase separation occurs when a binary system is quenched from its stable, homogeneous one-phase state into the two-phase region of its phase diagram. The spontaneous separation of two immiscible fluids is sometimes referred to as spinodal decomposition. Each phase tends to separate into ... 詳細を見る

This example describes the operation of a drug delivery system that supplies a variable concentration of a water soluble drug. A droplet with a fixed volume of water travels down a capillary tube at a constant velocity. Part of the capillary wall consists of a permeable membrane ... 詳細を見る

Wastewater treatment is a several-step process for removing contaminants. Firstly, large, solid particles are removed through sedimentation, flotation, and filtration. And then in a second step, biological treatment causes the smaller particles to aggregate, forming so called flocs. ... 詳細を見る