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Patch antennas are becoming more common in wireless equipment, like wireless LAN access points, cellular phones, and GPS handheld devices. The antennas are small in size and can be manufactured with simple and cost-effective techniques. Due to the complicated relationship between the geometry of the antenna and the electromagnetic fields, it is difficult to estimate the properties of a certain antenna shape.

At the early stages of antenna design, an engineer can benefit a lot from using computer simulations. The changes in the shape of the patch are directly related to the changes in radiation pattern, antenna efficiency, and antenna impedance. Balanced antennas are fed using two inputs, resulting in less disturbances on the total system through the ground. Balanced systems also provide a degree of freedom to alter antenna properties, by adjusting the phase and magnitude of the two input signals.