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This example demonstrates how to apply the Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) Module in COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the performance and reliability of a simple resistor. Small variations in material properties, geometry, and manufacturing processes can significantly impact the resistance of electronic components, potentially leading to deviations from design specifications.

In this model, a resistor is built using the Electric Currents interface, and resistance is defined as the quantity of interest. Four types of UQ studies, screening, sensitivity, propagation, and reliability, are performed to illustrate how uncertainty analysis can guide design decisions. Screening analysis identifies the most influential input parameters, sensitivity analysis quantifies their impact, propagation predicts the probability distribution of resistance values, and reliability analysis estimates the likelihood of exceeding specified performance thresholds. This example provides a practical introduction to UQ workflows and demonstrates how engineers can use probabilistic analysis to evaluate design robustness and improve product reliability early in the development process.

More discussions on the model can be found in the blog post "How Reliable Is Your Resistor?".