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Most metals and alloys undergo viscoplastic deformation at high temperatures. In case of cyclic loading, a constitutive law with both isotropic and kinematic hardening is necessary to describe effects such as ratcheting, cyclic softening/hardening, and stress relaxation.

The Lemaitre–Chaboche viscoplastic model combines isotropic hardening with nonlinear kinematic hardening to model these effects. This viscoplastic model is commonly used in areas such as additive manufacturing, laser welding, laser cutting, and thermal processing of metals and alloys at high temperatures. This tutorial model demonstrates the Lemaitre–Chaboche viscoplastic constitutive law on a test specimen.